Lesson 5
The
cone of experience
. Arranged from the least
to the most abstract the learning resources presented in the cone of
experience are:
Direct proposal
experiences
- These are first hand experiences
which serve as the foundation of our learning. We build up our reservoir of
meaningful information and ideas through seeing, hearing, touching, tasting and
smelling. In the context of the teaching-learning process, it is learning by
doing. If I want my student to learn how to focus a compound light Microsoft, I
will let him focus one, of course, after I showed him how.
- In Here, we make use of a
representative model or mock ups of reality for practical reasons and so that
we can make the real-life accessible to the students’ perceptions
and understanding. For instance a mock up of Apollo, the North capsule for the
exploration of the moon, enable the North American Aviation Co. to study the
problem of lunar flight.
Dramatized experiences
- By dramatization, we can participate
in a reconstructed experience, even though the original event is far removed
from us in time. We relieve the outbreak of the Philippine revolution by acting
out the role of characters in a drama.
Demonstrations
- It is a visualize explanation of an
important fact, idea or process by the use of photographs, drawings, films,
displays or guided motions. It is showing how things are done. A teacher in
Physical Education shows the class how to dance tango.
- These are excursions and visits conducted
to observe an event that is unavailable within the classroom.
- These are displays to be seen by
spectators. They may consist of working models arranged meaningfully or
photographs with models, charts, and posters. Sometimes exhibits are “for your
eyes only”. There are some exhibits, however, that include sensory experiences
where spectators are allowed to touch or manipulate models displayed.
Television and Motion Pictures
- Television and motion pictures can
reconstruct the reality of the past so effectively that we are made to feel we
are there. The unique value of the value of the messages communicated by film
and television lies in their feeling of realism, their emphasis on person s and
personality, their organized presentation and their ability to select,
dramatize, highlight and clarify.
- These are visual and auditory devices
may be used by an individual or a group. Still pictures lack the sound and
motion of a sound film. The radio broadcast of an actual event may often be
likened to a televised broadcast minus its visual dimension.
Visual Symbols
- These are no longer realistic reproduction
of physical things for these are highly abstract representations. Example are
chart, graphs, maps and diagrams.
Verbal Symbols
- They are not like the objects or ideas for
which they stand. They usually do not contain visual clues to their meaning.
Written words fall under this category. It may be a word for a concrete object
(book), an idea (freedom of speech), a scientific principle (the principle of
balance), a formula ( e=mc2)
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