Teaching
with Visual Symbols
Abstraction:
Your
experience of the words and the graphs convinces you that a graph is easier to
understand than the words of a paragraph. A graph is “worth a thousand words.”
A graph and any visual symbol for that matter such as drawings, cartoons, strip
drawings diagrams, and maps are worth a thousand words.
A. DRAWING
A
drawing may not be the real thing but better to have a concrete visual aid than
nothing. O avoid confusion, it is good that our drawing correctly represents
the real thing.
B. CARTOONS
Another
useful visual symbol that can bring novelty to our teaching is the cartoon. A
first-rate cartoon tells its story metaphorically. The perfect cartoon needs no
caption.
Sources
of Cartoons
You
can easily collect cartoons for instruction. They appear often in newspapers
and magazines. In class, you can give it to individual students or individual
study or project it by an opaque projector.
Sketching
cartoons
Want
to develop your skill at sketching for cartoons?
·
Start with simple shapes and add details.
Note changes in expression.
·
Side view start with same basic shapes.
·
Most cartoon figures are about four
heads tall. Keep them simple.
When
to use cartoons in instruction-
You can also use this as a springboard for a
lesson or a concluding activity. It depends on your purpose.
C. STRIP
DRAWINGS
These
are commonly called comics or comic strip. Dale (1969) asserts that a more
accurate term is strip drawings, make use of strips that are educational and
entertaining at the same time.
Where
to use strip drawing in instruction-
These
can serve as motivation and a starter of your lesson. It can also be given as
an activity for students to express insights gained at the conclusion of a
lesson.
Sources
of strip drawing-
You
can obtain drawings from newspaper, magazines and books.
K
to 12 curriculum standards and competencies –
Identify
a competency where a strip drawing Is appropriate.
D. DIAGRAMS
It
is “any line drawing that shows arrangements and relations as of parts to the
whole, relative values, origins and development , chronological fluctuations,
distribution. Etc.” (Dale, 1969)
If
you can draw stick figures, you can easily draw the diagrams that you need as
you go along. To emphasize the key points in your diagram, make use of color
whether you use the chalkboard or the OHP and transparencies.
Types
of diagram
Find
out what these other diagrams are. You msy need them as you and as you go about
your other teaching-related tasks.
·
Affinity diagram- used to cluster
complex apparently unrelated data into natural and meaningful groups.
·
Tree diagram- used to chart out, in
increasing detail, the various tasks that must be accomplished to complete a
project or achieve a specific objective.
·
Fish-bone diagram- it is also called
cause-and-effect diagram
E. CHARTS
A
chart is a diagrammatic representations of relationships among individuals
within an organizations.
We can have a.
1) time chart.
2) tree or stream chart.
3) flow chart.
4) organizational chart.
5) comparison and contrast chart.
6)
Pareto chart and
7) run chart or trend chart.
Examples
of chart
·
Time chart- is a tabular time chart that
presents data in ordinal sequence.
·
Tree or stream chart- depicts
development, growth and change by beginning with a single course (the trunk)
which spreads out into many branches; or by beginning with the many tributaries
which then converge into a single channel.
·
Flow chart- is a visual way of charting
or showing a process from beginning to end.
·
Organizational chart- hows how one part
of the organization relates to other parts of the organization.
·
Comparison and contrast chart- used to
show similarities and differences between two things.
·
Pareto chart- is a type of bar chart,
prioritized in descending order of magnitude or importance from left to right.
F. GRAPHS
There
are several types of graphs. They are: 10 circle or pie graph, 2) bar graph, 3)
pictorial graph and 4) line graph
·
Pie or circle graph- recommended for
showing parts of whole.
·
Bar graph- used in comparing the
magnitude of similar items at different ties or seeing relative sizes of the
parts of a whole.
·
Pictorial graph- makes use of picture
symbols.
·
Graphic organizers- you met several
graphic organizers in your subject, principles of teaching.
G. MAPS
A
map is a “representation of the surface of the earth or some part of it…” (Dale
1969)
Kinds
of map
·
Physical map- combines in a single
projection data like altitude, temperature, rainfall, precipitation,
vegetation, and soil.
·
Relief map- has three dimensional
representations and show contours of the physical data of the earth or part of
the earth.
·
Commercial or economic map- also called
product or industrial map since they show land areas in relation to the
economy.
·
Political map- gives detailed
information about country, provinces, cities and towns, roads and highways.
Map
language
·
Scale- shows how much of the actual
earth’s surface is represented by a given measurement on a map.
·
Symbols- usually a map has a legend that
explains what each symbol represent highways, railroads , mountains lakes and
plains.
·
Color- the different colors of the map
are part of the map language.
·
Geographic grids- the entire system of
these grid lines are called grid lines.
H. POSTER
- this poster symbolizes all the technology in this world and how this technology help you, and facilitating learning and improving performances by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.
H. POSTER
- this poster symbolizes all the technology in this world and how this technology help you, and facilitating learning and improving performances by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.
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